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	<title>Comments on: Are we allowed to talk about the self-interest of NGO officials?</title>
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	<link>http://aidwatchers.com/2009/08/are-we-allowed-to-talk-about-the-self-interest-of-ngo-officials/</link>
	<description>just asking that aid benefit the poor</description>
	<lastBuildDate>Thu, 11 Mar 2010 22:48:08 -0500</lastBuildDate>
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		<title>By: Caitlin Chandler</title>
		<link>http://aidwatchers.com/2009/08/are-we-allowed-to-talk-about-the-self-interest-of-ngo-officials/comment-page-1/#comment-6219</link>
		<dc:creator>Caitlin Chandler</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 19 Aug 2009 09:57:53 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://aidwatchers.com/2009/08/are-we-allowed-to-talk-about-the-self-interest-of-ngo-officials/#comment-6219</guid>
		<description>I agree that we need to better study and analyze the role of NGOs or &quot;civil society&quot; in development, given that in many places, NGOs have replaced government and are the primary recipients of aid. James Ferguson explores this in &quot;Global Shadows: Africa in the Neoliberal World Order.&quot;

However, I disagree with Bill&#039;s logic that &quot; Well, the World Bank lists “children and youth” as just one of 34 “major topic areas.” Moreover, the interpretation and practical value of “Children’s Rights” is still controversial – the World Bank did not even mention the concept in its exhaustive 2007 World Development Report on “Development and the Next Generation.”

Since when was the World Bank&#039;s &quot;lists&quot; a reliable indicator of development priorities? The &quot;exhaustive&quot; 2007 report referred to was also about &quot;youth&quot; -- not children. In the report, youth are described as aged 15 - 24. (In addition, the report is despicable in some of the ways it represents the needs of &quot;youth&quot; -- but perhaps that&#039;s another story.)

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		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I agree that we need to better study and analyze the role of NGOs or &#8220;civil society&#8221; in development, given that in many places, NGOs have replaced government and are the primary recipients of aid. James Ferguson explores this in &#8220;Global Shadows: Africa in the Neoliberal World Order.&#8221;</p>
<p>However, I disagree with Bill&#8217;s logic that &#8221; Well, the World Bank lists “children and youth” as just one of 34 “major topic areas.” Moreover, the interpretation and practical value of “Children’s Rights” is still controversial – the World Bank did not even mention the concept in its exhaustive 2007 World Development Report on “Development and the Next Generation.”</p>
<p>Since when was the World Bank&#8217;s &#8220;lists&#8221; a reliable indicator of development priorities? The &#8220;exhaustive&#8221; 2007 report referred to was also about &#8220;youth&#8221; &#8212; not children. In the report, youth are described as aged 15 &#8211; 24. (In addition, the report is despicable in some of the ways it represents the needs of &#8220;youth&#8221; &#8212; but perhaps that&#8217;s another story.)</p>
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		<title>By: Stephen Jones</title>
		<link>http://aidwatchers.com/2009/08/are-we-allowed-to-talk-about-the-self-interest-of-ngo-officials/comment-page-1/#comment-6218</link>
		<dc:creator>Stephen Jones</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 14 Aug 2009 05:32:53 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://aidwatchers.com/2009/08/are-we-allowed-to-talk-about-the-self-interest-of-ngo-officials/#comment-6218</guid>
		<description>&lt;blockquote&gt;&lt;i&gt;I heard people talking about how they would hate to move back to the US because they would have to leave their big house and nanny.&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;I have heard plenty of people complain that it would be great working for the State Department if only they didn&#039;t keep calling you back to Washington every few years.

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		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<blockquote><p><i>I heard people talking about how they would hate to move back to the US because they would have to leave their big house and nanny.</i></p></blockquote>
<p>I have heard plenty of people complain that it would be great working for the State Department if only they didn&#8217;t keep calling you back to Washington every few years.</p>
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		<title>By: Zwanck</title>
		<link>http://aidwatchers.com/2009/08/are-we-allowed-to-talk-about-the-self-interest-of-ngo-officials/comment-page-1/#comment-6217</link>
		<dc:creator>Zwanck</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 14 Aug 2009 04:21:34 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://aidwatchers.com/2009/08/are-we-allowed-to-talk-about-the-self-interest-of-ngo-officials/#comment-6217</guid>
		<description>&quot;One example is the way that aid has been increasingly fragmented into tiny pieces in recent years because there are increasingly many NGOs advocating different causes. Most of these causes are good ones, but the NGOs don’t take into account the negative effect of promoting THEIR cause on the OTHER causes. The political economy result is that, after feeling all the pressure, many aid agencies are trying to do many things at once to be effective.&quot;

You are so absolutely right about this and you have found just the right words to describe the situation. Working with an NGO in Goma, DRC, I witness this on a daily basis: Hundreds of NGOs and GOs all competing for attention and funds, while the actual work lacks coordination, there is not enough communication, too much rivalry, and the cause suffers from it. And yes everybody is now trying to do everything in order to open their net as far as possible to catch a grant - in aid and development work,&#039;less is more&#039; is not just a saying, it is a crucial rule. We are overstretching ourselves!

Plus, we are trying so hard to &#039;sell our cause&#039;(in the case of my NGO, it is first and foremost the fight against sexual violence) that we end up also selling the people we try to support - by turning them into mere digits in a project report, by allowing sensation-hungry journalist to take pictures of their suffering, by claiming we know what is right for them, and speaking FOR them rather than WITH them.

We are aware of these issues, we discuss them we try to make a difference - but we also know we are part of a system and in order to survive as an NGO, we need to play by its rules.

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		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>&#8220;One example is the way that aid has been increasingly fragmented into tiny pieces in recent years because there are increasingly many NGOs advocating different causes. Most of these causes are good ones, but the NGOs don’t take into account the negative effect of promoting THEIR cause on the OTHER causes. The political economy result is that, after feeling all the pressure, many aid agencies are trying to do many things at once to be effective.&#8221;</p>
<p>You are so absolutely right about this and you have found just the right words to describe the situation. Working with an NGO in Goma, DRC, I witness this on a daily basis: Hundreds of NGOs and GOs all competing for attention and funds, while the actual work lacks coordination, there is not enough communication, too much rivalry, and the cause suffers from it. And yes everybody is now trying to do everything in order to open their net as far as possible to catch a grant &#8211; in aid and development work,&#8217;less is more&#8217; is not just a saying, it is a crucial rule. We are overstretching ourselves!</p>
<p>Plus, we are trying so hard to &#8217;sell our cause&#8217;(in the case of my NGO, it is first and foremost the fight against sexual violence) that we end up also selling the people we try to support &#8211; by turning them into mere digits in a project report, by allowing sensation-hungry journalist to take pictures of their suffering, by claiming we know what is right for them, and speaking FOR them rather than WITH them.</p>
<p>We are aware of these issues, we discuss them we try to make a difference &#8211; but we also know we are part of a system and in order to survive as an NGO, we need to play by its rules.</p>
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		<title>By: Moussa</title>
		<link>http://aidwatchers.com/2009/08/are-we-allowed-to-talk-about-the-self-interest-of-ngo-officials/comment-page-1/#comment-6216</link>
		<dc:creator>Moussa</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 12 Aug 2009 06:12:20 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://aidwatchers.com/2009/08/are-we-allowed-to-talk-about-the-self-interest-of-ngo-officials/#comment-6216</guid>
		<description>Here is a personal story somehow related to this post:

We are evaluating the impact of a DFID funded program in education (In an African country). While designing the instruments, we defined the outcome variables as being the students performance, students attendance, teacher attendance, drop outs, and the like.

But that NGO officials wouldn&#039;t let me go ahead with this, they don&#039;t like those indicators. They wanted to include a lot of indicators (not outcome to my view) that will make the &quot;effect&quot; a slam dunk. Indicators like: Have you received the training? Have you developed a school development plan?, Have you elected the PTA committee,  etc. These are things that treatment schools had to do in order to get a grant! So, obviously they did it more than the control schools where nothing is require. And we know that from the records.  But apparently, indicators like that maybe enough for the DFID to justify further funding of the same program.

It this about money, or is it about real outcomes in term of pupils&#039; learning?

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		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Here is a personal story somehow related to this post:</p>
<p>We are evaluating the impact of a DFID funded program in education (In an African country). While designing the instruments, we defined the outcome variables as being the students performance, students attendance, teacher attendance, drop outs, and the like.</p>
<p>But that NGO officials wouldn&#8217;t let me go ahead with this, they don&#8217;t like those indicators. They wanted to include a lot of indicators (not outcome to my view) that will make the &#8220;effect&#8221; a slam dunk. Indicators like: Have you received the training? Have you developed a school development plan?, Have you elected the PTA committee,  etc. These are things that treatment schools had to do in order to get a grant! So, obviously they did it more than the control schools where nothing is require. And we know that from the records.  But apparently, indicators like that maybe enough for the DFID to justify further funding of the same program.</p>
<p>It this about money, or is it about real outcomes in term of pupils&#8217; learning?</p>
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		<title>By: Jive Talk</title>
		<link>http://aidwatchers.com/2009/08/are-we-allowed-to-talk-about-the-self-interest-of-ngo-officials/comment-page-1/#comment-6215</link>
		<dc:creator>Jive Talk</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 11 Aug 2009 16:20:03 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://aidwatchers.com/2009/08/are-we-allowed-to-talk-about-the-self-interest-of-ngo-officials/#comment-6215</guid>
		<description>They give one with hand and take away with two hands-All aid givers that is!

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		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>They give one with hand and take away with two hands-All aid givers that is!</p>
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		<title>By: kim dionne</title>
		<link>http://aidwatchers.com/2009/08/are-we-allowed-to-talk-about-the-self-interest-of-ngo-officials/comment-page-1/#comment-6214</link>
		<dc:creator>kim dionne</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 11 Aug 2009 11:31:13 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://aidwatchers.com/2009/08/are-we-allowed-to-talk-about-the-self-interest-of-ngo-officials/#comment-6214</guid>
		<description>I&#039;d just like to add to Matt&#039;s comment:

&lt;i&gt; Switching to a more robust model where NGO officials are either A) Completely self-interested and are trying to just expand their budgets B) Altruistic, but have an altruism bias towards their given area (which actually isn&#039;t much different from self-interest) - we can start to take the information they give with a grain of salt.&lt;/i&gt;

There&#039;s a (C) which is some combination of the two.

Perhaps it&#039;s my training, or perhaps it&#039;s the time I&#039;ve spent in Tanzania and Malawi interviewing folks who work at NGOs (in the national offices, district offices, and in the field), but in using a political economy approach, I think NGO workers are akin to bureaucrats. They tend to be higher skilled and sometimes more altruistic, but yes, they have preferences for maintaining their position and for increasing their organization&#039;s budget. Though they are subject to oversight (mountains of paperwork, usually), they are rarely beholden to the intended beneficiaries of their efforts.

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		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I&#8217;d just like to add to Matt&#8217;s comment:</p>
<p><i> Switching to a more robust model where NGO officials are either A) Completely self-interested and are trying to just expand their budgets B) Altruistic, but have an altruism bias towards their given area (which actually isn&#8217;t much different from self-interest) &#8211; we can start to take the information they give with a grain of salt.</i></p>
<p>There&#8217;s a (C) which is some combination of the two.</p>
<p>Perhaps it&#8217;s my training, or perhaps it&#8217;s the time I&#8217;ve spent in Tanzania and Malawi interviewing folks who work at NGOs (in the national offices, district offices, and in the field), but in using a political economy approach, I think NGO workers are akin to bureaucrats. They tend to be higher skilled and sometimes more altruistic, but yes, they have preferences for maintaining their position and for increasing their organization&#8217;s budget. Though they are subject to oversight (mountains of paperwork, usually), they are rarely beholden to the intended beneficiaries of their efforts.</p>
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		<title>By: Laura</title>
		<link>http://aidwatchers.com/2009/08/are-we-allowed-to-talk-about-the-self-interest-of-ngo-officials/comment-page-1/#comment-6213</link>
		<dc:creator>Laura</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 11 Aug 2009 08:33:02 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://aidwatchers.com/2009/08/are-we-allowed-to-talk-about-the-self-interest-of-ngo-officials/#comment-6213</guid>
		<description>And here are a few comments on this post from the Twittersphere:

alanna_shaikh @bill_easterly My argument with that post - Save the Children is an all purpose NGO now, not especially kids, despite the name

alanna_shaikh @bill_easterly Also, I think people question NGO motives all the time...

Transitionland So, when I advocate the US resettle more refugees, I do so because I want more jobs for my friends? @bill_easterly

Transitionland By yr reasoning, anytime an NGO advocates 4 its cause be taken more seriously, that&#039;s probably a ploy for more $ 4 employees @bill_easterly

Transitionland I get the sense @bill_easterly doesn&#039;t trust anything or anyone not explicitly out to make as much money as possible.

IdealistNYC Super cynic: @bill_easterly says that no one is straightforward about their motives, so I wonder what his truly are.http://bit.ly/13Uzp9

(You can follow @bill_easterly and @aidwatch on Twitter.)

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		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>And here are a few comments on this post from the Twittersphere:</p>
<p>alanna_shaikh @bill_easterly My argument with that post &#8211; Save the Children is an all purpose NGO now, not especially kids, despite the name</p>
<p>alanna_shaikh @bill_easterly Also, I think people question NGO motives all the time&#8230;</p>
<p>Transitionland So, when I advocate the US resettle more refugees, I do so because I want more jobs for my friends? @bill_easterly</p>
<p>Transitionland By yr reasoning, anytime an NGO advocates 4 its cause be taken more seriously, that&#8217;s probably a ploy for more $ 4 employees @bill_easterly</p>
<p>Transitionland I get the sense @bill_easterly doesn&#8217;t trust anything or anyone not explicitly out to make as much money as possible.</p>
<p>IdealistNYC Super cynic: @bill_easterly says that no one is straightforward about their motives, so I wonder what his truly are.http://bit.ly/13Uzp9</p>
<p>(You can follow @bill_easterly and @aidwatch on Twitter.)</p>
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		<title>By: Ross Emmett</title>
		<link>http://aidwatchers.com/2009/08/are-we-allowed-to-talk-about-the-self-interest-of-ngo-officials/comment-page-1/#comment-6212</link>
		<dc:creator>Ross Emmett</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 11 Aug 2009 07:35:51 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://aidwatchers.com/2009/08/are-we-allowed-to-talk-about-the-self-interest-of-ngo-officials/#comment-6212</guid>
		<description>Mancur Olson&#039;s The Logic of Collective Action remains the best starting point for an economics of NGOs. Without denying that NGOs are pursuing the achievement of goods and services which their members would provide, he shows both how the NGO pursues its public objectives and how the internal incentives work. The real benefit of his work is that it points to both public policy and internal organizational policy solutions to the dilemmas of NGOs.

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		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Mancur Olson&#8217;s The Logic of Collective Action remains the best starting point for an economics of NGOs. Without denying that NGOs are pursuing the achievement of goods and services which their members would provide, he shows both how the NGO pursues its public objectives and how the internal incentives work. The real benefit of his work is that it points to both public policy and internal organizational policy solutions to the dilemmas of NGOs.</p>
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		<title>By: Homira Nassery</title>
		<link>http://aidwatchers.com/2009/08/are-we-allowed-to-talk-about-the-self-interest-of-ngo-officials/comment-page-1/#comment-6211</link>
		<dc:creator>Homira Nassery</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 10 Aug 2009 09:07:46 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://aidwatchers.com/2009/08/are-we-allowed-to-talk-about-the-self-interest-of-ngo-officials/#comment-6211</guid>
		<description>Going back to April&#039;s comment reflecting on Loraine&#039;s response to the GFATM blog posting, it bears noting that even in much-maligned institutions such as the World Bank, we do not allow consultants who prepare project proposals/feasibility studies or inputs to the PAD (Project Appraisal Document, which then has to be approved by our Board) to subsequently work on that project. That&#039;s just conflict-of-interest 101. That GFATM allows same NGOs writing the grants to then be the grant recipients is kind of mind-blowing.  However, within the rarefied world of NGOs, I can see this standard slipping at the Bank too, as in some countries where NGOs are selected to be the implementing agencies/contractors, they get to review and approve the evaluators of their work.  This may seem like a small quibble, after all, those who have most experience in the country know the best local institutions for evaluation, right? and we want to build up local capacity in M&amp;E, right?  but I would prefer a more objective third-party selection of auditors/evaluators.

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		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Going back to April&#8217;s comment reflecting on Loraine&#8217;s response to the GFATM blog posting, it bears noting that even in much-maligned institutions such as the World Bank, we do not allow consultants who prepare project proposals/feasibility studies or inputs to the PAD (Project Appraisal Document, which then has to be approved by our Board) to subsequently work on that project. That&#8217;s just conflict-of-interest 101. That GFATM allows same NGOs writing the grants to then be the grant recipients is kind of mind-blowing.  However, within the rarefied world of NGOs, I can see this standard slipping at the Bank too, as in some countries where NGOs are selected to be the implementing agencies/contractors, they get to review and approve the evaluators of their work.  This may seem like a small quibble, after all, those who have most experience in the country know the best local institutions for evaluation, right? and we want to build up local capacity in M&#038;E, right?  but I would prefer a more objective third-party selection of auditors/evaluators.</p>
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		<title>By: Jeffrey Barnes</title>
		<link>http://aidwatchers.com/2009/08/are-we-allowed-to-talk-about-the-self-interest-of-ngo-officials/comment-page-1/#comment-6210</link>
		<dc:creator>Jeffrey Barnes</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 10 Aug 2009 08:45:04 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://aidwatchers.com/2009/08/are-we-allowed-to-talk-about-the-self-interest-of-ngo-officials/#comment-6210</guid>
		<description>Great topic, Bill, but one that would take more than a blog to adequately address.  I have worked for NGO&#039;s and for profits and both the organizations and the people staffing them have some mix of motivation that is altruistic and self interested.  From a policy standpoint, NGO&#039;s should not be given a free ride.  What is important to understand is not motivation, but the business models and how the incentives line up.  One of the real drawbacks to NGO&#039;s is that their business model typically relies on an in country presence that must be maintained.  As a result, NGO&#039;s can and do build up social empires which displace indigenous companies and local non profits.  For profits may charge more, but they are accustomed to doing a job and leaving when the job is done.

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		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Great topic, Bill, but one that would take more than a blog to adequately address.  I have worked for NGO&#8217;s and for profits and both the organizations and the people staffing them have some mix of motivation that is altruistic and self interested.  From a policy standpoint, NGO&#8217;s should not be given a free ride.  What is important to understand is not motivation, but the business models and how the incentives line up.  One of the real drawbacks to NGO&#8217;s is that their business model typically relies on an in country presence that must be maintained.  As a result, NGO&#8217;s can and do build up social empires which displace indigenous companies and local non profits.  For profits may charge more, but they are accustomed to doing a job and leaving when the job is done.</p>
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